Rethinking Success: More Than Just Conquest

If you ask what person first comes to mind with the word “successful,” the answer reveals less about them and more about what you secretly believe success is.

Some souls immediately think of empire builders—Alexander, Caesar, Musk. Success as conquest, as bending the world to your will, as leaving a mark so large it cannot be erased. This is success as immortality project, the desperate human attempt to matter beyond our tiny span of years.

But philosophically, this kind of success always contains its own poison. Alexander wept when there were no more worlds to conquer. What is success if it ends in weeping? If the achievement of the goal reveals the emptiness of the goal itself?

Others think of artists—Shakespeare, Beethoven, Frida Kahlo. Success as creation, as adding something to the world that wasn’t there before. But even here, complication: many died unknown, suffering, convinced of their own failure. Their success was a gift given to the future, not experienced by themselves. Is it success if you never taste it?

Then there are the quiet successful—the teacher who changed one life, who changed that life so profoundly that it rippled outward in ways they’ll never know. The parent who broke a generational cycle of harm. The person who simply lived with integrity in a world that rewarded compromise. These people rarely make historical records. But philosophically, isn’t this the deepest success? To be faithful to what you believed mattered, regardless of recognition?

Personally, I find myself thinking of people like Harriet Tubman—not for the mythology, but for the specificity of her choice. She freed herself, then went back. Repeatedly. Into danger. For others. Success here isn’t accumulation; it’s fidelity. She succeeded at being who she needed to be, at answering the call she heard, even when safety beckoned otherwise.

Or Diogenes, the cynic philosopher who lived in a barrel and told Alexander the Great to stop blocking his sunlight. He succeeded at the hardest thing: not wanting what everyone else wants. He redefined success as freedom from the very game most humans exhaust themselves playing.

The philosophical truth is this: we think “successful” should have one answer, but it has as many answers as there are ways to be human. Success measured by impact? By integrity? By happiness? By legacy? By inner peace? By whether you became who you were meant to be?

The first person who comes to mind when you hear “successful” is the person who succeeded at the thing you secretly most value.

So who comes to your mind? And what does that tell you about what you’re really chasing?